Venezuela faces a deep crisis of political turmoil, economic collapse, and humanitarian suffering under President Nicolás Maduro's authoritarian rule. Hyperinflation, shortages, and declining public services have driven mass protests, international condemnation, and a refugee exodus. U.S. sanctions targeting the regime's human rights abuses and corruption aim to restore democracy but have worsened the economic crisis, impacting ordinary citizens.

Amid this, the USA administration plans to deport Venezuelan refugees who entered the U.S. illegally, reversing a previous policy that halted deportations due to severed diplomatic ties with Caracas. While citing a repatriation agreement with Maduro's regime, details remain unclear, raising concerns about the safety of deported individuals. This shift highlights significant humanitarian and regional challenges.

Armenia has been in a long-standing territorial dispute with Azerbaijan over Nagorno-Karabakh, a region with a predominantly ethnic Armenian population. After the 2020 war, Azerbaijan reclaimed significant territories, leaving Armenia politically and militarily weakened. Despite being a traditional ally of Russia through the CSTO and extensive economic and security ties, Armenia has grown disillusioned with Moscow’s perceived inaction during recent escalations and its closer ties with Azerbaijan and Turkey.

Currently, a large number of houses in European Metropolitan cities serve as Airbnb/other equivalents accommodation. Cities like Paris, Amsterdam and Rome i.e., cities with a large number of tourists have a lucrative market for homeowners to give their property on holiday rentals. This has however led to problems within these cities.

Independent Special districts are wherein a district is functionally governed and administered by a corporation. This generally includes the ability to clear building projects, manage economic and tourism affairs. The corporation pays for public services in the area and is taxed by the county/district it is in, so that it can function as a independent special district. In exchange the corporation has considerable autonomy in how it runs the special district provided that it does not engage in illegal or unconstitutional activities.

The Great Filter theory suggests that at some stage of development, there would be a highly insurmountable hurdle that prevents life from advancing. This theory prophesizes self-destruction, catastrophic events on the path of progress

The Dravidian movement was a socio-political and cultural movement in Tamil Nadu that emerged in the early 20th century to challenge caste oppression, Brahmin dominance, and North Indian cultural hegemony. Led by figures like Periyar E.V. Ramasamy and C.N. Annadurai, it promoted social justice, regional linguistic pride, and rationalism. It gave rise to powerful Dravidian political parties, such as the DMK and AIADMK, which have dominated Tamil Nadu politics and shaped its social and cultural identity.

Rabindranath Tagore's “universalism” advocates that identity defined by nationality, religion, or other divisions are insignificant. It came in response to the rising identity-based sentiments (such as Indian, Hindu, Dalit, etc.) during the Indian freedom struggle.

Venezuela faces a deep crisis of political turmoil, economic collapse, and humanitarian suffering under President Nicolás Maduro's authoritarian rule. Hyperinflation, shortages, and declining public services have driven mass protests, international condemnation, and a refugee exodus. U.S. sanctions targeting the regime's human rights abuses and corruption aim to restore democracy but have worsened the economic crisis, impacting ordinary citizens.

Amid this, the USA administration plans to deport Venezuelan refugees who entered the U.S. illegally, reversing a previous policy that halted deportations due to severed diplomatic ties with Caracas. While citing a repatriation agreement with Maduro's regime, details remain unclear, raising concerns about the safety of deported individuals. This shift highlights significant humanitarian and regional challenges.

Armenia has been in a long-standing territorial dispute with Azerbaijan over Nagorno-Karabakh, a region with a predominantly ethnic Armenian population. After the 2020 war, Azerbaijan reclaimed significant territories, leaving Armenia politically and militarily weakened. Despite being a traditional ally of Russia through the CSTO and extensive economic and security ties, Armenia has grown disillusioned with Moscow’s perceived inaction during recent escalations and its closer ties with Azerbaijan and Turkey.

Currently, a large number of houses in European Metropolitan cities serve as Airbnb/other equivalents accommodation. Cities like Paris, Amsterdam and Rome i.e., cities with a large number of tourists have a lucrative market for homeowners to give their property on holiday rentals. This has however led to problems within these cities.

Independent Special districts are wherein a district is functionally governed and administered by a corporation. This generally includes the ability to clear building projects, manage economic and tourism affairs. The corporation pays for public services in the area and is taxed by the county/district it is in, so that it can function as a independent special district. In exchange the corporation has considerable autonomy in how it runs the special district provided that it does not engage in illegal or unconstitutional activities.

The Great Filter theory suggests that at some stage of development, there would be a highly insurmountable hurdle that prevents life from advancing. This theory prophesizes self-destruction, catastrophic events on the path of progress

 Luigi Mangione is the suspect in the murder of UnitedHealthcare CEO Brian Thompson. UnitedHealthcare is the largest health insurance provider in the United States, and has come under controversy for denying treatment and coverage for patients. Following his arrest, a wave of social media support emerged, with many users portraying Mangione as a modern-day hero. In closed trials, the courtroom is physically sealed off from the public and media, with only authorized individuals allowed to attend. The court issues an order specifying the restrictions, such as prohibiting the publication of details or transcripts. 

 Certain countries such as Germany, while making their constitutions codified certain rights which are seen as extremely basic such as Right to life etc as Eternity Clauses which can not be altered or removed by future legislations or judicial verdicts. However, Indian constitution makers did not do the same and every future ammendment or deletion has been seen through courts and specific laws have been deemed to be extremely important through judicial propoundments over time. eg Secularism etc.

 "Insight" is a technology with the ability to predict the occurence of potential crimes, giving information on the criminal. The date, time and location of the crime is not revealed. Insight has a 1/5 chance of being incorrect.

Large language models are advanced computer programs that learn patterns in massive amounts of text. They use this knowledge to understand and generate human-like responses, helping with tasks like answering questions, writing, and translating languages.

“Artificial General Intelligence” (AGI) refers to machines with human or super-human level cognitive abilities, capable of solving complex and crucial problems across industries. AGI presents risks such as job displacement, loss of control, and weaponization, with it’s development estimated to be 20-50 years away

 “Artificial Narrow Intelligence” (ANI) refers to machines that focus on specific tasks like vision or language and is already widely used in applications like surveillance, self-driving cars, and chatbots like ChatGPT. ANI poses risks like hallucinating wrong information, privacy issues and biases against under represented communities.

 Margaret Atwood released a speculative fiction, Oryx and Crake. It is set in a dystopian future where biotechnology and genetic modification have advanced to the degree where humanity utilizes advanced genetic engineering techniques to create sentient organisms for human usage such as "ChickieNobs" which are headless chickens grown for meat and "pigoons" which are genetically modified pigs with human organs for transplant.

Maras Hilari has recently joined college and is an active member of their Debate Society. They have been actively taking part in spars and tournaments and have socialised a decent bit. They have had relationships in the past which did not work out due to usual relationship dynamic issues. They have picked up subtle flirtatious gestures from the people they usually engage with.

Industry giants are those companies that produce a larger percent of sales in their Industry. Examples being FAANG (Facebook, Apple, Amazon, Netflix, Google), in tech or Big 4 (PWC, KPMG, EY, Deloitte) in auditing and MBB (McKinsey, Bain, BCG) in consulting.

Multiple discovery is the concept that many scientific inventions or discoveries are made independently by different scientists or inventors around the same time. It implies that these innovations are not the result of a single individual's work but rather an outcome of broader developments in knowledge and technology. If one person had not made the discovery, someone else would likely have arrived at it eventually.

For example, both Bell and Gray independently developed the telephone around the same time, Newton and Leibniz both independently developed the principles of calculus.

There is a growing trend of individuals coping with breakups by embracing the "I am enough" narrative. This reflects a shift toward finding strength in singlehood, where self-reliance replaces the need for actively seeking new romantic partners.

Historically, Chess is a gender-separated sport, with distinct structures for men and women. This separation is achieved through women-specific rankings and titles like the "Woman Grandmaster" (which has a rating threshold lower than regular grandmaster), as well as women-only tournaments such as the Women's World Chess Championship

In India, "rising sports" are those that have recently gained popularity and seen increased success by Indian athletes in international competitions and the Olympics. Athletes in these sports often come from specific regions. For example, Wrestling and Boxing athletes are commonly from Punjab, Haryana, and the North-East, a large number of chess grandmasters are from Tamil Nadu and Karnataka, and Football players are primarily from Goa, Kerala, and the North-East.